Potential harm: I need to make sure that if any of the participants for my investigation are young children, have learning difficulties or are vulnerable that I have informed consent from carers or parents. Some of the best research comes from being integrated into the normal routines. Research that is integrated into someone's life is known as ethnography, ethnography is a valid method.
Informed consent: With the investigation I need to be open with what I am doing with my results and they need to give me permission to use their results from their involvement.
Observer's paradox: This refers to the fact that the presence of the researcher, or the details of the investigation plans these things can distort the results. The paradox is about collecting natural speech by observing it- but the very act of observation is likely to destroy the naturalness.
The right to withdraw: If people don't like what you're doing with the data or no longer wish to participate they can withdraw without any consequences.
Confidentiality and privacy: None of the participants in the investigation should be recognizable or easy to trace. No real names, number etc can be used.
Random Sampling: Participants are random and are not chosen for a reason.
Judgemental Sampling: Participants are chosen for a reason to meet a criteria.
The pros and cons of open questions, closed questions and loaded or leading questions:
Likert scale and the semantic differential scale: The likely scale is a method of gathering information in a questionnaire. A scales from 1-5 is often used state an opinion. The semantic differential scale is another method for gathering information from a questionnaire by using two words at either end of a scale- with participants indicating where on the scale they fall.
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